Land Subsidence and Subsurface Environmental Changes in The Tokyo Metropolitan Area, and Possible Groundwater Management for Urban Sustainability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64862/Keywords:
Land subsidence, Tokyo, Groundwater managementAbstract
The subsurface environments at the Tokyo Metropolitan Area have been changing in accordance with the change of groundwater condition and the continuous increase and heavy usage of underground space. Because of the complex interaction between the change of subsurface environments and human activities, we have experienced a variety of problems which have very often affected negatively to our society. This presentation describes the temporal changes of subsurface environments and associated problems at the Tokyo Metropolitan Area from 1920s until present. Then, the new techniques which are usable for strategic management of groundwater resources/subsurface environment are presented. Transferring Tokyo’s experiences to presently developing and expanding urban cities into similar geological/hydrogeological settings is crucial to achieving sustainable developments of urban geosphere.
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